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Bihar Board Class 10 · Social Science · Matric exam 2027

Bihar Board Class 10 Social Science Question Paper 2021

The board’s 2021 question paper — all 112 questions as printed; 80 objective answers from the board’s own key; full model answers for 3 written questions, how the answer begins for 29 more. Each question names its chapter, where that chapter’s most-asked questions are.

Full marks 80 · Time 2 h 45 min

Section A · Objective questions (80)

  1. Bhopal gas tragedy was

    • (A) Natural disaster
    • (B) Man-made disaster
    • (C) General disaster
    • (D) None of these ✓

    Answer (the board’s key): (D)

  2. Which of the following is the most dangerous zone of earthquake?

    • (A) Zone-2
    • (B) Zone-3 ✓
    • (C) Zone-4
    • (D) Zone-5

    Answer (the board’s key): (B)

  3. Q 3Objective1 markCh. 2: Flood and Drought

    What type of vegetation should be planted densely along the embankment?

    • (A) Mangrove
    • (B) Thorny bushes
    • (C) Coniferous trees ✓
    • (D) None of these

    Answer (the board’s key): (C)

  4. Q 4Objective1 markCh. 2: Flood and Drought

    Which is the most dangerous drought?

    • (A) General drought ✓
    • (B) Agricultural drought
    • (C) Seasonal drought
    • (D) None of these

    Answer (the board’s key): (A)

  5. Which is the non-economic factor of economic development?

    • (A) Natural resources
    • (B) Financial institutions
    • (C) Capital formation ✓
    • (D) Human resources

    Answer (the board’s key): (C)

  6. Central cooperative banks are formed

    • (A) At village level
    • (B) At district level ✓
    • (C) At state level
    • (D) At national level

    Answer (the board’s key): (B)

  7. Which of the following is a feature of mixed economy?

    • (A) Private sector
    • (B) Public sector
    • (C) Economic planning ✓
    • (D) All of these

    Answer (the board’s key): (C)

  8. Which type of education has the Government of India declared as a fundamental right?

    • (A) Primary education ✓
    • (B) Secondary education
    • (C) Higher education
    • (D) Technical education

    Answer (the board’s key): (A)

  9. On whose recommendation was the Panchayati Raj system started?

    • (A) Tendulkar Committee
    • (B) Balwant Rai Mehta Committee
    • (C) Verma Committee ✓
    • (D) Raja Chelliah Committee

    Answer (the board’s key): (C)

  10. When was the state of Jharkhand formed?

    • (A) 1 November, 2000
    • (B) 9 November, 2000
    • (C) 15 November, 2000 ✓
    • (D) 15 November, 2001

    Answer (the board’s key): (C)

  11. Who is called the 'soul of democracy'?

    • (A) Government
    • (B) Judiciary
    • (C) Constitution
    • (D) Political party ✓

    Answer (the board’s key): (D)

  12. What was the main reason for the public struggle in Bolivia?

    • (A) Increase in price of water
    • (B) Increase in price of food grains
    • (C) Increase in price of petrol ✓
    • (D) Increase in price of life saving drugs

    Answer (the board’s key): (C)

  13. On whom is the anti-defection law applicable?

    • (A) On MPs and MLAs ✓
    • (B) On President
    • (C) On Vice-President
    • (D) On all of these

    Answer (the board’s key): (A)

  14. "Democracy is government of the people, by the people and for the people." Whose statement is this?

    • (A) Aristotle
    • (B) Abraham Lincoln ✓
    • (C) Rousseau
    • (D) Martin Luther

    Answer (the board’s key): (B)

  15. What is the lowest level of Panchayati Raj system?

    • (A) Zila Parishad
    • (B) Panchayat Samiti
    • (C) Gram Panchayat ✓
    • (D) None of these

    Answer (the board’s key): (C)

  16. Municipality is related to which schedule?

    • (A) 10th Schedule
    • (B) 11th Schedule
    • (C) 12th Schedule
    • (D) 9th Schedule ✓

    Answer (the board’s key): (D)

  17. Q 17Objective1 markCh. 1: Nationalism in Europe

    Who founded 'Young Italy'?

    • (A) Bismarck
    • (B) Mazzini
    • (C) Napoleon
    • (D) Hitler ✓

    Answer (the board’s key): (D)

  18. Q 18Objective1 markCh. 1: Nationalism in Europe

    Who presided over the Vienna Congress?

    • (A) Garibaldi ✓
    • (B) Count Cavour
    • (C) William - I
    • (D) Metternich

    Answer (the board’s key): (A)

  19. When was the first Factory Act passed for India?

    • (A) 1838
    • (B) 1858
    • (C) 1881 ✓
    • (D) 1911

    Answer (the board’s key): (C)

  20. In which year did the Bretton Woods Conference take place?

    • (A) 1944
    • (B) 1947 ✓
    • (C) 1948
    • (D) 1952

    Answer (the board’s key): (B)

  21. Which newspaper changed its language overnight to avoid the Vernacular Press Act?

    • (A) Harijan ✓
    • (B) Bharat Mitra
    • (C) Amrit Bazar Patrika
    • (D) Hindustan Review

    Answer (the board’s key): (A)

  22. Where is the temple of Angkor Wat?

    • (A) Laos
    • (B) Cambodia ✓
    • (C) Vietnam
    • (D) Thailand

    Answer (the board’s key): (B)

  23. Q 23Objective1 markCh. 4: Nationalism in India

    When did the Jallianwala Bagh massacre take place?

    • (A) 13 April, 1919 ✓
    • (B) 14 April, 1920
    • (C) 15 April, 1919
    • (D) 16 April, 1920

    Answer (the board’s key): (A)

  24. Q 24Objective1 markCh. 4: Nationalism in India

    Who wrote the book 'Hind Swaraj'?

    • (A) Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel
    • (B) Subhash Chandra Bose ✓
    • (C) Mahatma Gandhi
    • (D) Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru

    Answer (the board’s key): (B)

  25. Hirakud Dam is built

    • (A) On Mahanadi
    • (B) On Ganga
    • (C) On Krishna ✓
    • (D) On Kosi

    Answer (the board’s key): (C)

  26. Where is the Rail Workshop located in Bihar?

    • (A) Jamalpur ✓
    • (B) Bhagalpur
    • (C) Munger
    • (D) Patna

    Answer (the board’s key): (A)

  27. In which district is Kanti Thermal Power Project located?

    • (A) Purnia
    • (B) Siwan
    • (C) Muzaffarpur ✓
    • (D) East Champaran

    Answer (the board’s key): (C)

  28. Which of the following is a natural disaster?

    • (A) Fire
    • (B) Bomb blast
    • (C) Earthquake ✓
    • (D) Chemical accidents

    Answer (the board’s key): (C)

  29. संचार का सबसे लोकप्रिय साधन क्या है?

    • (A) टेलीफोन
    • (B) मोबाईल
    • (C) वॉकी-टॉकी
    • (D) रेडियो ✓

    Answer (the board’s key): (D)

  30. Q 30Objective1 markCh. 2: Flood and Drought

    What is the reason for floods in the Kosi?

    • (A) Heavy rainfall
    • (B) Melting of Himalayan snow
    • (C) Siltation in the river
    • (D) All of these ✓

    Answer (the board’s key): (D)

  31. Vibration occurring at the bottom of the ocean results in

    • (A) Avalanche
    • (B) Cyclone ✓
    • (C) Tsunami
    • (D) None of these

    Answer (the board’s key): (B)

  32. Q 32Objective1 markCh. 2: Flood and Drought

    Which river is called the 'Sorrow of Bihar'?

    • (A) Son river
    • (B) Kosi river
    • (C) Punpun river ✓
    • (D) Ganga river

    Answer (the board’s key): (C)

  33. When was the Consumer Protection Act implemented in India ?

    • (A) 1968
    • (B) 1976
    • (C) 1984 ✓
    • (D) 1986

    Answer (the board’s key): (C)

  34. The main means of livelihood in Bihar is

    • (A) Agriculture
    • (B) Industry
    • (C) Trade ✓
    • (D) All of these

    Answer (the board’s key): (C)

  35. पशुपालन एवं मत्स्यपालन किस क्षेत्र के अंग हैं?

    • (A) प्राथमिक, क्षेत्र
    • (B) द्वितीयक क्षेत्र
    • (C) तृतीयक क्षेत्र
    • (D) इनमें से कोई नहीं ✓

    Answer (the board’s key): (D)

  36. स्वतंत्रता प्राप्ति के बाद भारत का मुख्य आर्थिक उद्देश्य क्या है?

    • (A) तीव्र आर्थिक विकास
    • (B) रोजगार सृजन
    • (C) निर्धनता उन्मूलन
    • (D) इनमें से सभी ✓

    Answer (the board’s key): (D)

  37. Which city is called the Financial-Capital of India?

    • (A) Kolkata ✓
    • (B) Delhi
    • (C) Chennai
    • (D) Mumbai

    Answer (the board’s key): (A)

  38. सोने के जेवरों की शुद्धता सुनिश्चित करने के लिए किस मानक चिह्न का प्रयोग किया जाता है ?

    • (A) आई. एस. आई-मार्क
    • (B) एगमार्क
    • (C) हॉल मार्क
    • (D) इको मार्क ✓

    Answer (the board’s key): (D)

  39. Q 39Objective1 markCh. 6: Globalisation

    When was the World Trade Organisation- W.T.O. established?

    • (A) 1990
    • (B) 1991
    • (C) 1997 ✓
    • (D) 1995

    Answer (the board’s key): (C)

  40. Which of the following is a non-metallic mineral?

    • (A) Gold
    • (B) Tin
    • (C) Mica ✓
    • (D) Gold

    Answer (the board’s key): (C)

  41. When did Lenin die ?

    • (A) 1921
    • (B) 1922 ✓
    • (C) 1923
    • (D) 1924

    Answer (the board’s key): (B)

  42. Q 42Objective1 markCh. 1: Nationalism in Europe

    वियना काँग्रेस में कौन राष्ट्र सम्मिलित नहीं था ?

    • (A) ब्रिटेन
    • (B) रूस ✓
    • (C) फ्रांस
    • (D) जर्मनी

    Answer (the board’s key): (B)

  43. In which year was unified Vietnam formed?

    • (A) 1954
    • (B) 1968
    • (C) 1974 ✓
    • (D) 1975

    Answer (the board’s key): (C)

  44. Q 44Objective1 markCh. 4: Nationalism in India

    Who established the Arya Samaj ?

    • (A) Radhakant ✓
    • (B) Ramakrishna Paramhansa
    • (C) Vivekananda
    • (D) Dayanand Saraswati

    Answer (the board’s key): (A)

  45. Who invented the first steam engine ?

    • (A) Thomas Newcomen
    • (B) James Watt
    • (C) George Stephenson ✓
    • (D) Crompton

    Answer (the board’s key): (C)

  46. बाल गंगाधर तिलक ने 'मराठा' पत्रिका का प्रकाशन किस भाषा में किया ?

    • (A) हिन्दी में
    • (B) मराठी में
    • (C) अंग्रेजी में ✓
    • (D) गुजराती में

    Answer (the board’s key): (C)

  47. निम्न में से सबसे अधिक कठोर खनिज कौन है ?

    • (A) लोहा
    • (B) मँगनीज
    • (C) हीरा ✓
    • (D) सोना

    Answer (the board’s key): (C)

  48. Q 48Objective1 markCh. 2: Agriculture

    रबर की खेती भारत के किस राज्य में की जाती है ?

    • (A) केरल
    • (B) गुजरात ✓
    • (C) आंध प्रदेश
    • (D) छत्तीसगढ़

    Answer (the board’s key): (B)

  49. Where is 'Kanha National Park' located ?

    • (A) Karnataka
    • (B) Kerala
    • (C) Madhya Pradesh
    • (D) Uttar Pradesh ✓

    Answer (the board’s key): (D)

  50. Q 50Objective1 mark

    The national bird of India is

    • (A) Pigeon
    • (B) Swan
    • (C) Peacock ✓
    • (D) Parrot

    Answer (the board’s key): (C)

  51. निम्न में से किसका प्रयोग ताप शक्ति संयंत्रों में तोपीय विद्युत का उत्पादन करने के लिए किया जाता है?

    • (A) कोयला
    • (B) पेट्रोलियम
    • (C) प्राकृतिक गैस
    • (D) इनमें से सभी ✓

    Answer (the board’s key): (D)

  52. दक्षिण भारत की नदी घाटी परियोजना है

    • (A) तुंगभद्रा परियोजना
    • (B) हीराकंड परियोजना
    • (C) कोसी परियोजना
    • (D) रिहन्द परियोजना ✓

    Answer (the board’s key): (D)

  53. Where is the thermal power station located in Bihar?

    • (A) Gaya ✓
    • (B) Barauni
    • (C) Samastipur
    • (D) Katihar

    Answer (the board’s key): (A)

  54. Q 54Objective1 markCh. 2: Agriculture

    Which country is the leader in the world in jute production ?

    • (A) Bangladesh ✓
    • (B) China
    • (C) India
    • (D) Sri Lanka

    Answer (the board’s key): (A)

  55. Q 55Objective1 markCh. 2: Agriculture

    अंगोरा ऊन का स्रोत क्या है?

    • (A) भेड़
    • (B) बकरी
    • (C) खरगोश ✓
    • (D) इनमें से कोई नहीं

    Answer (the board’s key): (C)

  56. Nagarjuna Sagar Project has been built on which river?

    • (A) Sutlej
    • (B) Krishna
    • (C) Narmada ✓
    • (D) Rihand

    Answer (the board’s key): (C)

  57. When was the Samajwadi Party formed?

    • (A) 1990
    • (B) 1991
    • (C) 1992 ✓
    • (D) 1994

    Answer (the board’s key): (C)

  58. 'अर्थशास्त्र' पुस्तक किसने लिखी ?

    • (A) चन्द्रगुप्त
    • (B) कौटिल्य ✓
    • (C) एडम स्मिथ
    • (D) रवींद्रनाथ टैगोर

    Answer (the board’s key): (B)

  59. What is the basis of social division in Belgium?

    • (A) Caste
    • (B) Language ✓
    • (C) Education
    • (D) None of these

    Answer (the board’s key): (B)

  60. What is the main social problem of India?

    • (A) Casteism
    • (B) Linguism
    • (C) Communalism ✓
    • (D) All of these

    Answer (the board’s key): (C)

  61. In which year did the National Commission for Women Act come into existence?

    • (A) 1951
    • (B) 1961
    • (C) 1981
    • (D) 1990 ✓

    Answer (the board’s key): (D)

  62. Q 62Objective1 mark

    बिहार का प्रसिद्ध पर्व है

    • (A) दुर्गापूजा
    • (B) छठ
    • (C) दीवाली
    • (D) इनमें से सभी ✓

    Answer (the board’s key): (D)

  63. बिहार में कौन जिला केला उत्पादन के लिए प्रसिद्ध है ?

    • (A) भागलपुर
    • (B) हाजीपुर
    • (C) मुंगेर ✓
    • (D) नवादा

    Answer (the board’s key): (C)

  64. निम्न में से कौन नदी बिहार से होकर नहीं बहती है ?

    • (A) गंगा
    • (B) कोसी ✓
    • (C) गोमती
    • (D) गंडक

    Answer (the board’s key): (B)

  65. Q 65Objective1 markCh. 4: Nationalism in India

    When did the Non-Cooperation Movement start?

    • (A) 1919
    • (B) 1920 ✓
    • (C) 1930
    • (D) 1942

    Answer (the board’s key): (B)

  66. किस देश ने 'न्यू डील' नीति लागू की ?

    • (A) ब्रिटेन
    • (B) अमेरिका
    • (C) भारत ✓
    • (D) जर्मनी

    Answer (the board’s key): (C)

  67. Q 67Objective1 markCh. 4: Nationalism in India

    When did the Indian National Congress declare complete independence?

    • (A) 26 January, 1929
    • (B) 26 January, 1931
    • (C) 15 August, 1930 ✓
    • (D) 26 January, 1930

    Answer (the board’s key): (C)

  68. निम्न में से किस क्षेत्र को प्राथमिक क्षेत्र कहते हैं?

    • (A) औद्योगिक क्षेत्र
    • (B) सेवा क्षेत्र
    • (C) कृषि क्षेत्र
    • (D) विनिर्माण क्षेत्र ✓

    Answer (the board’s key): (D)

  69. Q 69Objective1 markCh. 6: Globalisation

    New Economic reforms in India were started in

    • (A) 1960
    • (B) 1980
    • (C) 1991 ✓
    • (D) 2000

    Answer (the board’s key): (C)

  70. किस अर्थव्यवस्था में उत्पादन के साधनों पर निजी व्यक्तियों या संस्थाओं का अधिकार होता है?

    • (A) पूँजीवादी अर्थव्यवस्था
    • (B) समाजवादी अर्थव्यवस्था
    • (C) मिश्रित अर्थव्यवस्था ✓
    • (D) इनमें से कोई नहीं

    Answer (the board’s key): (C)

  71. विनिमय का सर्वोच्च माध्यम क्या है?

    • (A) वस्तु
    • (B) चेक ✓
    • (C) मुद्रा
    • (D) प्रतिज्ञा पत्र

    Answer (the board’s key): (B)

  72. In which year was the Regional Rural Bank established?

    • (A) 1969
    • (B) 1970
    • (C) 1972
    • (D) 1975 ✓

    Answer (the board’s key): (D)

  73. Which mineral is used in the aluminium industry?

    • (A) Manganese
    • (B) Tin
    • (C) Iron
    • (D) Bauxite ✓

    Answer (the board’s key): (D)

  74. Which state in India has the largest reserve of mineral oil?

    • (A) Assam
    • (B) Rajasthan
    • (C) Bihar
    • (D) Tamil Nadu ✓

    Answer (the board’s key): (D)

  75. Which energy source is non-renewable?

    • (A) Water ✓
    • (B) Solar energy
    • (C) Coal
    • (D) Wind energy

    Answer (the board’s key): (A)

  76. Ennore port is situated

    • (A) In Gujarat
    • (B) In Goa
    • (C) In Tamil Nadu ✓
    • (D) Karnataka

    Answer (the board’s key): (C)

  77. Which city is known as the Silicon Valley of India?

    • (A) Bengaluru ✓
    • (B) Hyderabad
    • (C) Kolkata
    • (D) Mumbai

    Answer (the board’s key): (A)

  78. Where is Periyar National Park situated?

    • (A) Karnataka ✓
    • (B) Tamil Nadu
    • (C) West Bengal
    • (D) Kerala

    Answer (the board’s key): (A)

  79. Which of the following states has the maximum forest cover?

    • (A) Kerala
    • (B) Karnataka
    • (C) Madhya Pradesh ✓
    • (D) Uttar Pradesh

    Answer (the board’s key): (C)

  80. Taxol is used

    • (A) In Malaria
    • (B) In AIDS ✓
    • (C) In Cancer
    • (D) In TB

    Answer (the board’s key): (B)

Section B · Written questions (32)

  1. Q 1Short answer2 marksCh. 5: Economy and Livelihood

    Give any two reasons for the Industrial Revolution in England.

    Medha Ma’am

    Medha Ma’am

    AskMedha’s AI teacher

    Model answer · Reasons for industrialization, Britain

    1. 1.Availability of cheap labour: The agricultural revolution in England brought the fencing system of enclosure. Under it, landlords bought small plots of land and made larger farms. The farmers who sold their land became landless labourers. To earn a living they went to nearby towns, so countless labourers were ready to work at cheap rates in the factories run by machines.1 mark
    2. 2.Vast colonies: The colonies set up by Britain made it easy for Britain to buy raw materials from them at cheap rates. The same colonies, such as India, also became a very large market where Britain sold its finished goods at high rates.1 mark
    • In the first reason, write the words "agricultural revolution" and explain that the enclosure system turned farmers into "landless labourers" who worked in factories.
    • In the second reason, name the "colonies" and say they gave Britain both cheap raw materials and a very large market.

    Marks split from a structure derived from past papers (checked twice); not Bihar Board’s official scheme

  2. Q 2Short answer2 marksCh. 1: Nationalism in Europe

    What was the role of Austria in the unification of Italy and Germany?

    Medha Ma’am

    Medha Ma’am

    AskMedha’s AI teacher

    Model answer · role of Austria in unification

    1. 1.Austria was the biggest obstacle to the unification of Italy and Germany because it wanted to maintain its control over various parts of these regions.1 mark
    2. 2.Austria's Chancellor Metternich adopted a reactionary policy and attempted to crush the nationalist movements occurring in Italy and Germany.1 mark
    • Write that Austria wanted to maintain its 'control' over Italy and Germany, calling it the biggest 'obstacle' to their unification.
    • Name 'Metternich' as Austria's Chancellor and mention his 'reactionary policy' of crushing nationalist movements.
    • Keep both paragraphs short and separate: one on control/obstacle, the other on Metternich's policy.

    Marks split from a structure derived from past papers (checked twice); not Bihar Board’s official scheme

  3. Q 3Short answer2 marksCh. 4: Nationalism in India

    Give a brief account of Champaran Satyagraha.

    Medha Ma’am

    Medha Ma’am

    AskMedha’s AI teacher

    Model answer · Champaran Satyagraha

    1. 1.Champaran Satyagraha was started in 1917 under the leadership of Mahatma Gandhi in the Champaran district of Bihar against the exploitation of indigo farmers by indigo farm owners.1 mark
    2. 2.The main objective of this movement was to liberate the farmers of Champaran from the Tinkathia system, under which they were forced to produce indigo on 3/20 part of their land, and to ensure that they received fair prices for their produce instead of being compelled to sell at a very low fixed price.1 mark
    • Write '1917' clearly as the starting year of Champaran Satyagraha.
    • Mention 'Tinkathia system' by name as the system the farmers were to be freed from.
    • State that the movement aimed at fair prices for farmers' produce.

    Marks split from a structure derived from past papers (checked twice); not Bihar Board’s official scheme

  4. Q 4Short answer2 marksCh. 6: Globalisation

    What is a multinational company?

    How the model answer begins

    1. A multinational company is a company that owns or controls production in more than one nation, such as Ford Motors, Samsung, Coca-Cola, Nokia, Infosys, Tata Motors etc.

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  5. Q 5Short answer2 marksCh. 4: Nationalism in India

    How did Lord Lytton make the national movement dynamic?

    How the model answer begins

    1. Lord Lytton made the national movement dynamic by imposing restrictions on the freedom of Indian newspapers through the Vernacular Press Act passed in 1878, which imposed a ban on the press. This increased discontent…

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  6. Discuss the 'Hoa Hao' movement in brief.

    How the model answer begins

    1. The Hoa Hao movement was a revolutionary religious movement started in 1939 by Huynh Phu So in Vietnam. It was based on Buddhist religious ideas and aimed at religious and cultural revival among the people.

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  7. Q 7Long answer4 marksCh. 4: Nationalism in India

    Discuss the contribution of Mahatma Gandhi in the Indian National Movement.

    How the model answer begins

    1. Mahatma Gandhi initiated his experiments with Satyagraha and non-violence in India through the Champaran Satyagraha in 1917. He led the farmers' movement in Champaran against the oppressive Tinkathia system, under which…

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  8. Q 8Long answer4 marksCh. 2: Socialism and Communism

    Describe the ideas of European Socialists.

    How the model answer begins

    1. European socialists opposed private property and competition-based society. Socialism lays emphasis on the equal distribution of wealth or collective ownership in place of individual ownership. They wanted to promote…

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  9. Q 9Short answer2 marksCh. 1: Power Sharing in Democracy

    What are the different forms of power sharing?

    How the model answer begins

    1. One way of power sharing is the distribution of power among different organs of government such as the legislature, executive, and judiciary.

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  10. Q 10Short answer2 marksCh. 5: Challenges of Democracy

    How is the lack of education a challenge for democracy?

    How the model answer begins

    1. Lack of education is a challenge for democracy because it prevents citizens from being aware of their rights and duties. An uneducated citizen does not know what rights the democratic system gives him and what duties he…

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  11. Q 11Short answer2 marksCh. 2: Working of Power Sharing

    State two features of federal government.

    How the model answer begins

    1. In a federal system of government, there are two or more levels of government formed in the country.

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  12. Q 12Short answer2 marksCh. 2: Working of Power Sharing

    Tell about any four functions of Municipal Corporation.

    How the model answer begins

    1. One function of the Municipal Corporation is to make arrangement for drinking water in the city and to construct and clean streets, bridges and parks, including the management of street lighting.

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  13. Q 13Long answer4 marksCh. 4: Achievements of Democracy

    Discuss the status of women in different aspects of life in the context of India.

    How the model answer begins

    1. The literacy rate of women in India is significantly lower compared to men. Even after many years of independence, a large section of women in India have not got equal access to education, and this gap between male and…

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  14. Q 14Long answer4 marksCh. 4: Achievements of Democracy

    How does democracy help in economic growth and development?

    How the model answer begins

    1. A democratic government is responsible towards the people because it feels the danger of being rejected by the people. Since the government is elected by and accountable to the people, it has to work for their welfare…

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  15. Write a brief note on infrastructure.

    How the model answer begins

    1. Infrastructure denotes all those facilities and services which are helpful in economic development of country. A country with developed infrastructure is more developed.

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  16. Q 16Short answer2 marksCh. 2: State and National Income

    What do you understand by per capita income?

    How the model answer begins

    1. Per Capita Income is the quotient remaining after dividing total income by population, that is, the total national income of a country divided by its total population.

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  17. Q 17Short answer2 marksCh. 6: Globalisation

    Define liberalization.

    How the model answer begins

    1. Liberalisation means to remove all restrictions imposed by the government on license and reservation. The government of India adopted the policy of liberalisation in the year 1991.

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  18. Establish the relationship between income and poverty.

    How the model answer begins

    1. There is an inverse relationship between income and poverty. Low income is the primary cause of poverty, because the minimum basic requirement of the people of the country is food, clothing and shelter, and these can…

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  19. Q 19Long answer4 marksCh. 6: Globalisation

    How has globalization affected the economy of Bihar?

    How the model answer begins

    1. Globalisation has led to the availability of foreign direct investment in Bihar. Foreign investors have shown a great interest in investing in Bihar because of the rapid development. Due to the shortfall in the…

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  20. What are the reasons for economic backwardness of Bihar?

    How the model answer begins

    1. Dependence on Agriculture is one of the major reasons for the economic backwardness of Bihar. Bihar's economy is based on agriculture and majority of its population depends on agriculture for their livelihood but the…

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  21. Give any two examples of renewable resources.

    How the model answer begins

    1. Solar energy is an example of a renewable resource.

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  22. What do you understand by biotic and abiotic resources?

    How the model answer begins

    1. Biotic resources are those resources which are obtained from biosphere and have all the indications of life present in them such as human beings, vegetation, fish, animal and other living community.

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  23. State any two effective measures of forest conservation.

    How the model answer begins

    1. A complete ban on deforestation should be imposed and strict punishment should be provided for illegal loggers. This will check the indiscriminate cutting of trees and protect the existing forest cover.

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  24. Why is conservation of natural resources necessary?

    How the model answer begins

    1. Natural resources are limited and unmindful or over utilisation of resources may lead to social, economic, cultural and environmental problems, since these resources are essential for fulfilling the basic needs like…

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  25. What are the uses of water resources?

    How the model answer begins

    1. Water is used for drinking water, domestic work and irrigation. The use of water is unavoidable in activities like drinking water, domestic work, irrigation, public health, cleanliness and human waste disposal etc.

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  26. Name the major minerals found in Bihar.

    How the model answer begins

    1. Mica is one of the major minerals found in Bihar.

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  27. Discuss the development and distribution of any one agro-based industry of Bihar.

    How the model answer begins

    1. Sugar industry is an important industry of Bihar and it is a major agro-based industry of the state. Till the mid twentieth century, Bihar had a very important position in the sugar industries of India. Most of the…

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  28. Give details of measures for water conservation.

    How the model answer begins

    1. Rainwater harvesting is a major measure of water conservation in which rooftop water is collected into underground tanks or reservoirs. In ancient India, sophisticated hydraulic constructions and water-harvesting…

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  29. Q 29Short answer2 marksCh. 3: Earthquake and Tsunami

    What do you understand by focus and epicenter of earthquake?

    How the model answer begins

    1. The focus is the place beneath the surface of the earth where the vibration of the earthquake originates.

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  30. Q 30Short answer2 marksCh. 2: Flood and Drought

    What are the measures to reduce the impact of drought?

    How the model answer begins

    1. The impact of drought can be reduced by harvesting and managing rainwater. Rain water harvesting increases the level of underground water and animals and plants also get water from it. This technique is proving to be a…

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  31. What is the role of local administration in emergency management?

    How the model answer begins

    1. In the emergency management, the local administration has an important role to play. It conducts relief and rescue operations immediately after a disaster strikes. For this it is essential that the local administration…

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  32. Q 32Short answer2 marksCh. 2: Flood and Drought

    State the measures to control floods.

    How the model answer begins

    1. Embankments should be constructed and strengthened along the rivers to check the destruction caused by the floods. This method of construction of embankments has been followed since English rule and is continued after…

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