How many marks does "Socialism and Communism" carry in Bihar Board Class 10 Social Science?

In the Bihar Board papers of 2021–2026, this chapter carried about 3 marks and about 4 questions a year; by marks it ranks 10 in Social Science.

Which are the most important (VVI) questions of "Socialism and Communism"?

The 10 questions above are from the board’s real papers, each with the years it was asked; the most-asked come first with their full model answers. All 10 written questions of this chapter, with answers, are in the AskMedha app.

Do the answers follow the board’s marking scheme?

BSEB does not publish a marking scheme. Each answer is written point by point on a structure derived from past papers and checked by a second, independent model; it is never called the board’s official scheme.

Bihar Board Class 10 · Social Science · Matric exam 2027

Chapter 2: Socialism and Communism

This chapter’s questions from Bihar Board (BSEB)’s real papers of 2016–2026 — the 10 asked most often, 3 with the full model answer, 7 with how the answer begins — and objective questions with the board’s key.

marks a year (about): 3
questions a year (about): 4
rank in Social Science: #10

From 6 years of papers, 2021–2026 · full chapter-wise marks

Chapter 2 notes (PDF) →

VVI questions — the ones the board asked most (10)

Q1Long answer4 marksAsked: 2026
How was Russia's new economic policy a compromise with Marxist theory?
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Model answer · New Economic Policy, Russia
1. 1.The New Economic Policy (NEP) was a compromise with Marxist theory because it brought back some capitalist practices into a socialist state. Lenin declared it in 1921 as a practical step after strategic communism failed. Under strategic communism, grain was forcibly collected from the peasants. The peasants burnt their corn, production fell in 1920-21 and people starved. Lenin saw that a complete socialistic system could not be built at once, so he compromised with the Marxist values to a little extent.1 mark
2. 2.Under the policy of 1921, a fixed tax was imposed in place of collecting grains from the peasants. The rest of the grain belonged to the peasants, and they could use or sell it as they liked. Theoretically the state possessed the land, but practically it went into the hands of the peasants. This went against the socialist idea that the state controls the land.1 mark
3. 3.Industries having less than 20 employees could be run by individuals, so small industries came back under private ownership. Pure communism does not allow this, because it ends individual ownership of the means of production. Industries were also decentralised, and individual property and life insurance were started by government agencies.1 mark
4. 4.Foreign capital was invited at a limit, which meant accepting capitalist elements from abroad. This was a clear compromise with Marxist principles. Lenin answered his critics by saying that going one step back after proceeding three steps is equal to being two steps ahead. As a result, agricultural and industrial production grew.1 mark
- Write the year 1921 when you name the New Economic Policy and again when you explain the fixed tax on peasants.
- Write that "Industries having less than 20 employees could be run by individuals" and say that this differs from pure communism.
- Write that "Foreign capital was invited at a limit" and call it the acceptance of capitalist elements.
Marks split from a structure derived from past papers (checked twice); not Bihar Board’s official scheme
Q2Long answer4 marksAsked: 2026
What was the impact of the Russian Revolution? Write in detail.
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Model answer · impact, Russian Revolution
1. 1.The Russian Revolution of 1917 ended the Tsarist autocracy in Russia and also ended the powers of nobles, capitalists and Zamindars. This revolution established the powers of workers and peasants, the proletarian class, and introduced a new socio-political system - Communism. Thus the world's first socialist state was established in which private property was abolished and the means of production came under the control of the state and the collective.1 mark
2. 2.After this revolution, the powers of the proletarian class was established and it encouraged movements in other areas also. The world was divided into two ideological factions, the Communist world and the capitalist world. This inspired workers and peasants in other countries to organise themselves and revolt against exploitation, giving rise to communist movements in many parts of the world.1 mark
3. 3.This revolution encouraged freedom from the colonial system in Asia and Africa because the communist government of Soviet Russia gave ideological support to the national movement there. In many colonies, including India, the revolution strengthened the nationalist movement and the left-wing and communist ideology, leading to the formation of communist parties and reinforcing anti-colonial struggles.1 mark
4. 4.A new economic model existed as an economic planning after the Russian revolution, and capitalist countries also adopted this model in a reformed way to check the spread of socialism, adopting policies of social security and labour welfare and becoming welfare states. Russia itself, by tireless effort, emerged as a powerful country on the world forum; the development of Russian industries reached its climax, agriculture was modernised and science developed, so that the once weak Russia transformed into a great industrial power.1 mark
- Write 'Tsarist' and 'Socialist' clearly while describing the end of autocracy and rise of the proletarian class.
- Mention 'Workers' and 'Communist' together while explaining how other countries were inspired.
- Use 'Anti-colonial' for India's struggle, and 'Welfare state' and 'Industrial' for capitalist reforms and Russia's transformation.
Marks split from a structure derived from past papers (checked twice); not Bihar Board’s official scheme
Q3Long answer4 marksAsked: 2021
Describe the views of Utopian Socialists.
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Model answer · views of Utopian Socialists
1. 1.The Utopian socialists opposed capitalist society based on private property and competition. In place of this competition, they emphasised cooperation and believed that class co-ordination should be adopted in place of class struggle.1 mark
2. 2.Robert Owen, a British industrialist and the main Utopian thinker outside of France, established a cooperative community called 'New Harmony' in Indiana, USA.1 mark
3. 3.The Utopian socialists believed that in large-scale production, private property should be abolished and collective ownership should be established in its place.1 mark
4. 4.The Utopian socialists were not in favour of using machines and wanted to build a socialist society through small cooperative communities, where production occurred through mutual cooperation among the members.1 mark
- Mention 'New Harmony' in Indiana, USA as the cooperative community set up by Robert Owen.
- Use the term 'collective ownership' when explaining abolition of private property in large-scale production.
- Write 'mutual cooperation' and 'cooperation' as the basis of the small cooperative communities.
Marks split from a structure derived from past papers (checked twice); not Bihar Board’s official scheme
Q4Long answer4 marksAsked: 2021
Describe the ideas of European Socialists.
How the model answer begins
1. European socialists opposed private property and competition-based society. Socialism lays emphasis on the equal distribution of wealth or collective ownership in place of individual ownership. They wanted to promote…
The full answer from Medha Ma’am →
Q5Short answer2 marksAsked: 2022
What was the condition of the Russian peasants before the revolution ?
How the model answer begins
1. Before the revolution, the condition of the Russian peasants was very miserable. Most of the population in Russia was of peasants and they were living in extreme misery and poverty. Though Tsar Alexander II ended the…
The full answer from Medha Ma’am →
Q6Short answer2 marksAsked: 2022
What was the condition of the Russian peasants before the revolution ?
How the model answer begins
1. Before the revolution, most of the population in Russia was of peasants, but their condition was very miserable. They were living in a state of extreme misery and poverty. Though Tsar Alexander II ended the agricultural…
The full answer from Medha Ma’am →
Q7Short answer2 marksAsked: 2023
Give two immediate causes of the Bolshevik Revolution.
How the model answer begins
1. Russia's defeats in the First World War, its heavy losses of soldiers and economic ruin spread deep discontent among the people and the army.
The full answer from Medha Ma’am →
Q8Short answer2 marksAsked: 2024
What is Communism ?
How the model answer begins
1. Communism is a social and economic system in which the means of production are owned by the entire society. In this system individual ownership on the means of production is polished off and all means of production,…
The full answer from Medha Ma’am →
Q9Short answer2 marksAsked: 2025
What do you understand by Historical Materialism?
How the model answer begins
1. Karl Marx presented the materialist interpretation of history, which is known as historical materialism. He said that history is the story of continuous struggle between two classes for the control over the means of…
The full answer from Medha Ma’am →
Q10Short answer2 marksAsked: 2025
Who adopted the 'golden middle class' policy and why ?
How the model answer begins
1. The policy of 'Golden Middle Class' was adopted by the French ruler Louis Philippe.
The full answer from Medha Ma’am →

Objective questions with the board’s key (10)

1. Bihar Board 2026
With whom did Russia sign the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk ?
- (A) France
- (B) Germany ✓
- (C) Poland
- (D) America
Answer: (B)
2. Bihar Board 2026
Which of the following is called the Bible of Socialism ?
- (A) War and Peace
- (B) Communist Manifesto
- (C) Das Kapital ✓
- (D) April Theses
Answer: (C)
3. Bihar Board 2025
Who changed the name of Bolshevik Party to Communist Party ?
- (A) Lenin ✓
- (B) Trotsky
- (C) Stalin
- (D) Bismarck
Answer: (A)
4. Bihar Board 2025
Who abolished Serfdom in Russia ?
- (A) Lenin
- (B) Czar Alexander II ✓
- (C) Stalin
- (D) Trotsky
Answer: (B)
5. Bihar Board 2025
Who is considered the father of scientific socialism ?
- (A) Hegel
- (B) Karl Marx ✓
- (C) Saint Simon
- (D) Martin Luther
Answer: (B)
6. Bihar Board 2025
When did the Soviet Union disintegrate ?
- (A) 1985
- (B) 1991 ✓
- (C) 1968
- (D) 1990
Answer: (B)
7. Bihar Board 2025
Between which countries was the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk signed?
- (A) Russia and France
- (B) Russia and England
- (C) Russia and America
- (D) Russia and Germany ✓
Answer: (D)
8. Bihar Board 2025
Who gave the concept of Perestroika and Glasnost?
- (A) Mikhail Gorbachev ✓
- (B) Putin
- (C) Stalin
- (D) Lenin
Answer: (A)
9. Bihar Board 2025
By how many days is the Gregorian Calendar ahead of the Julian Calendar?
- (A) 10 days
- (B) 12 days
- (C) 13 days ✓
- (D) 15 days
Answer: (C)
10. Bihar Board 2025
Which country was the first to establish socialist rule in the world?
- (A) France
- (B) Germany
- (C) Russia ✓
- (D) China
Answer: (C)

Questions parents and students ask

How many marks does "Socialism and Communism" carry in Bihar Board Class 10 Social Science?: In the Bihar Board papers of 2021–2026, this chapter carried about 3 marks and about 4 questions a year; by marks it ranks 10 in Social Science.
Which are the most important (VVI) questions of "Socialism and Communism"?: The 10 questions above are from the board’s real papers, each with the years it was asked; the most-asked come first with their full model answers. All 10 written questions of this chapter, with answers, are in the AskMedha app.
Do the answers follow the board’s marking scheme?: BSEB does not publish a marking scheme. Each answer is written point by point on a structure derived from past papers and checked by a second, independent model; it is never called the board’s official scheme.

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