Bihar Board Class 10 · Social Science · Matric exam 2027
Chapter 2: Working of Power Sharing
This chapter’s questions from Bihar Board (BSEB)’s real papers of 2016–2026 — the 17 asked most often, 3 with the full model answer, 14 with how the answer begins — and objective questions with the board’s key.
- marks a year (about)
- 6
- questions a year (about)
- 9
- rank in Social Science
- #2
From 6 years of papers, 2021–2026 · full chapter-wise marks
VVI questions — the ones the board asked most (17)
- Q1Long answer4 marksAsked: 2021
Describe the organization and functions of Gram Panchayat.
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Model answer · organization and functions, Gram Panchayat
- 1.The Gram Panchayat in Bihar is the lowest of the autonomous institutions in rural areas but it occupies the most important place. The state government forms the Gram Panchayat on the basis of average population about 7000. A Gram Panchayat is divided into 15-16 wards having about 500 population each. A ward member is selected by each voter. The head of the Gram Panchayat is Mukhia and there is a post of Up-Mukhia to assist him. A Panchayat Sewak is appointed in each Panchayat who works as a Secretary. There is a provision to reserve seats for the schedule caste, schedule tribe and backward class on the basis of population in each Panchayat, and 50% of the total seats are reserved for women in Bihar.1 mark
- 2.The main function of the Gram Panchayat is to manage cleanliness, drinking water supply, and the construction and maintenance of village roads. It also organises voluntary labourers and helps in community activity, helps in natural calamity, and removes encroachment from public property.1 mark
- 3.The Gram Panchayat manages primary education, health facilities, and implements schemes for agricultural development in the panchayat area. It also prepares annual planning and annual budget for the development of the Panchayat.1 mark
- 4.Another important function of the Gram Panchayat is to register births and deaths and ensure the benefits of social welfare schemes reach the needy. It also imposes taxes such as water tax, sanitation tax, tax on fairs and hats, tax on vehicle registration, and tax on trade and employment, and receives grant from the cumulative fund on the recommendation of the state finance commission.1 mark
Diagram: Draw a box diagram titled "Main parts of the Gram Panchayat" with the Mukhia at the top connected to three boxes below: Gram Sabha, Gram Raksha Dal/Dalpati, and Gram Kachahari.
- Write 'Mukhia' and 'ward members' and state they are 'elected directly by the people' for the organization point.
- List cleanliness, drinking water supply, and construction and maintenance of village roads together as the main function.
- Mention registration of births and deaths along with social welfare schemes reaching the needy as a separate function.
Marks split from a structure derived from past papers (checked twice); not Bihar Board’s official scheme
- Q2Long answer4 marksAsked: 2022
Describe the structure and functions of village court.
Medha Ma’am
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Model answer · structure and functions of village court
- 1.The head of the Gram Kachahari is the Sarpanch. The Sarpanch is directly elected by the voters of the Gram Panchayat. The tenure of the Sarpanch is five years, and the Sarpanch is in charge of the Gram Kachahari.1 mark
- 2.The Panchs are the members of the Gram Kachahari. The Panchs are elected directly by the voters as per 500 population from each ward of the Gram Panchayat. Their tenure is also five years.1 mark
- 3.The Gram Kachahari takes up civil cases of a minor nature arising within the Gram Panchayat area. The Sarpanch can hear civil cases involving a maximum amount of ten thousand rupees and has the authority to impose fine on the guilty party.1 mark
- 4.The Gram Kachahari also takes up criminal cases of a minor nature. Through settling such civil and criminal cases, the Gram Kachahari works to maintain peace and order in the village.1 mark
- Mention that the Sarpanch is directly elected and heads the Gram Kachahari.
- State that Panchs are elected from each ward as per 500 population.
- Write both civil cases with fine and criminal cases with peace and order separately.
Marks split from a structure derived from past papers (checked twice); not Bihar Board’s official scheme
- Q3Long answer4 marksAsked: 2022
Describe the structure and functions of village court.
Medha Ma’am
AskMedha’s AI teacher
Model answer · structure and functions, Gram Kachahari
- 1.The Gram Kachahari is the court of the Gram Panchayat which has been allotted judicial responsibility, and the executory and judiciary of the Gram Panchayat in Bihar have been kept aloof from each other. There will be a Gram Kachahari in each Panchayat which has a directly elected Sarpanch and some Panchs who are elected as per 500 population, through direct voting by the public. The Sarpanch will be in charge of the Gram Kachahari, and its tenure will be five years. There are a Nyay Mitra and a Nyay Sachiv in the Gram Kachahari; the Nyay Mitra assists in the affairs of the Sarpanch and the Nyay Sachiv keeps the papers.1 mark
- 2.The Gram Kachahari has to take up both the civil and criminal cases within its jurisdiction, and settling these civil and criminal cases is its main function.1 mark
- 3.The Gram Kachahari resolves minor disputes and conflicts that come before it on the basis of reconciliation and compromise between the parties involved.1 mark
- 4.The Gram Kachahari has limited authority to impose fines and award punishments, as the Sarpanch can hear the cases of maximum ten thousand rupees only.1 mark
- Write that the Sarpanch and Panchs are elected directly by the public, and mention the 500 population rule for Panchs.
- State clearly that the Gram Kachahari deals with both civil and criminal cases.
- Mention the limit of ten thousand rupees to show the limited authority of the Sarpanch in imposing fines and punishments.
Marks split from a structure derived from past papers (checked twice); not Bihar Board’s official scheme
- Q4Long answer4 marksAsked: 2023
What provisions have been made in the Constitution of India for the establishment of a secular society ? Explain in detail.
How the model answer begins
1. The Preamble of the Indian Constitution declares India as a Secular nation. It means that India has no state religion of its own and the state does not promote or support any particular religion. Every religion is…
The full answer from Medha Ma’am → - Q5Long answer4 marksAsked: 2024
Discuss the role of judiciary in federal system.
How the model answer begins
1. There is an independent and uppermost judiciary which has right to explain the constitutions. In the federal system, the judiciary acts as the supreme institution for interpreting the constitution and ensures that the…
The full answer from Medha Ma’am → - Q6Long answer4 marksAsked: 2025
Explain the main organs of Municipal Corporation.
How the model answer begins
1. The most important organ of the Municipal Corporation is the Municipal Council, whose members are elected by the public. A municipal corporation is divided into several wards and the people of each ward elect their…
The full answer from Medha Ma’am → - Q7Long answer4 marksAsked: 2026
Discuss the role of Panchayati Raj system in rural development.
How the model answer begins
1. The Panchayati Raj system plays an important role in rural development because it strengthens democracy at the local level. It establishes local self-government in villages and ensures the participation of villagers in…
The full answer from Medha Ma’am → - Q8Long answer4 marksAsked: 2026
Why do we need a three-tier government in the context of India ?
How the model answer begins
1. India is a vast and diverse country where the governance could not be done by decentralised system at only two levels. In such a vast country, it is not possible to govern through only two levels of government, that is,…
The full answer from Medha Ma’am → - Q9Short answer2 marksAsked: 2023
State the vertical distribution of power.
How the model answer begins
1. The vertical distribution of power is the system of power sharing in which power is distributed at different levels of government. Power is divided among different levels of government such as the central government,…
The full answer from Medha Ma’am → - Q10Short answer2 marksAsked: 2024
Mention any four features of Indian Federal System.
How the model answer begins
1. There is a clear division of powers between the central and state governments in the Indian federal system, as legislative powers have been mentioned in three lists - the union list, the state list and the concurrent…
The full answer from Medha Ma’am → - Q11Short answer2 marksAsked: 2025
What is the main function of State Finance Commission ?
How the model answer begins
1. The main function of the State Finance Commission is to review the distribution of taxes, duties, and tolls between the state and local bodies. It is formed at the end of every five years to review the financial…
The full answer from Medha Ma’am → - Q12Short answer2 marksAsked: 2025
What do you understand by dual governance system ?
How the model answer begins
1. Dual government is a system in which the same country has two levels of government — a central (union) government for the whole country and state governments for its regions or provinces.
The full answer from Medha Ma’am → - Q13Short answer2 marksAsked: 2026
What is democratic decentralization?
How the model answer begins
1. Democratic decentralization means when power is taken away from central and state governments and given to local governments.
The full answer from Medha Ma’am → - Q14Short answer2 marksAsked: 2026
Why was federal government adopted in India ?
How the model answer begins
1. India is a vast country and from the view point of caste, religion, language and culture, it is full of diversities. If we have to adopt a democratic system in such a country, it is necessary to recognise and sustain…
The full answer from Medha Ma’am → - Q15Short answer2 marksAsked: 2026
State any two functions of the Gram Panchayat.
How the model answer begins
1. One function of the Gram Panchayat is to manage public health, sanitation, and cleanliness in the village.
The full answer from Medha Ma’am → - Q16Short answer2 marksAsked: 2021
Write two features of Federal government.
How the model answer begins
1. In federal system of government, there is a dual government, that is, two or more levels of government. One is the central government which has the subjects of national importance in its jurisdiction and the other is…
The full answer from Medha Ma’am → - Q17Short answer2 marksAsked: 2021
State any four functions of municipal corporation.
How the model answer begins
1. One main function of the Municipal Corporation is to construct and clean streets, bridges and drains in the city.
The full answer from Medha Ma’am →
Objective questions with the board’s key (10)
- 1. Bihar Board 2026
Which of the following is not a feature of a federal government ?
- (A) Division of powers
- (B) Supremacy of the constitution
- (C) Flexible constitution ✓
- (D) Independent judiciary
Answer: (C)
- 2. Bihar Board 2026
In which Schedule of the Constitution of India have 22 scheduled languages been given place ?
- (A) Seventh Schedule
- (B) Eighth Schedule ✓
- (C) Eleventh Schedule
- (D) Twelfth Schedule
Answer: (B)
- 3. Bihar Board 2026
Which of the following two union territories have been merged ?
- (A) Puducherry and Lakshadweep
- (B) Jammu-Kashmir and Ladakh
- (C) Dadra, Nagar Haveli and Daman and Diu ✓
- (D) Andaman and Nicobar Islands
Answer: (C)
- 4. Bihar Board 2026
How many princely states were there in India before independence ?
- (A) 565 ✓
- (B) 562
- (C) 620
- (D) 728
Answer: (A)
- 5. Bihar Board 2026
At what level is the Gram Raksha Dal formed ?
- (A) At the gram panchayat level ✓
- (B) At the block level
- (C) At the district level
- (D) At the state level
Answer: (A)
- 6. Bihar Board 2026
What is the committee of all the villagers living in a Panchayat called ?
- (A) Gram Sabha ✓
- (B) Gram Panchayat
- (C) Panchayat Samiti
- (D) Zilla Parishad
Answer: (A)
- 7. Bihar Board 2026
Who appoints the Panchayat Secretary ?
- (A) Gram Sabha
- (B) Mukhiya of Gram Panchayat
- (C) State Government ✓
- (D) Pramukh of Panchayat Samiti
Answer: (C)
- 8. Bihar Board 2026
Which of the following languages is included in the Eighth Schedule of the Constitution ?
- (A) Bhojpuri
- (B) Maithili ✓
- (C) Angika
- (D) Bajjika
Answer: (B)
- 9. Bihar Board 2026
The 11th Schedule of the constitution is related to which of the following?
- (A) Panchayati Raj System ✓
- (B) Powers of Municipalities
- (C) Anti-defection Law
- (D) Scheduled languages
Answer: (A)
- 10. Bihar Board 2026
Who is the Chief Executive Officer of Panchayat Samiti?
- (A) Mukhiya of Gram Panchayat
- (B) Panchayat Secretary
- (C) Block Development Officer ✓
- (D) Mayor
Answer: (C)
Questions parents and students ask
- How many marks does "Working of Power Sharing" carry in Bihar Board Class 10 Social Science?
- In the Bihar Board papers of 2021–2026, this chapter carried about 6 marks and about 9 questions a year; by marks it ranks 2 in Social Science.
- Which are the most important (VVI) questions of "Working of Power Sharing"?
- The 17 questions above are from the board’s real papers, each with the years it was asked; the most-asked come first with their full model answers. All 17 written questions of this chapter, with answers, are in the AskMedha app.
- Do the answers follow the board’s marking scheme?
- BSEB does not publish a marking scheme. Each answer is written point by point on a structure derived from past papers and checked by a second, independent model; it is never called the board’s official scheme.
The same preparation, with Medha Ma’am — on your phone
Every question of every chapter with its model answer, practice questions in the board’s own shapes, 60 minutes of class a day, written answers marked, a test every Sunday and a WhatsApp report to parents.
Medha Ma’am is an AI teacher, not a live tutor. Every answer is checked twice; a person takes responsibility.