Chapter 16: Management of Natural Resources

VVI questions — the ones the board asked most (10)

1. Q1Long answer5 marksAsked: 2022, 2025

   What should be done for water conservation and water management?

   

   Medha Ma’am

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   Model answer · water conservation and management

   1. 1.Rainwater harvesting systems should be used to collect rainwater from rooftops. Water harvesting is an age-old concept in India, seen in structures like khadins, tanks and nadis in Rajasthan, and ahars and pynes in Bihar, which are still in use today. Rooftop water-collecting units capture every trickle of water falling on the land, and this recharges groundwater levels and even brings rivers back to life.1 mark
   2. 2.Small dams and check dams should be constructed to store river water. In largely level terrain, these are crescent shaped earthen embankments or low, straight concrete-and-rubble check dams built across seasonally flooded gullies, so that monsoon rains fill ponds behind them. Such watershed management mitigates droughts and floods and increases the life of the downstream dam and reservoirs.1 mark
   3. 3.Modern water-saving techniques like drip and sprinkler irrigation should be adopted so that water is used efficiently for agriculture instead of being wasted. Adopting such techniques helps develop water as a resource in a manner which will not cause ecological imbalance, while increasing production and income.1 mark
   4. 4.Industrial waste and sewage should not be discharged directly into water bodies to prevent water pollution. Human intervention pollutes water bodies, and such discharge made the quality of water in rivers like the Ganga very poor, leading to projects like the Ganga Action Plan to control this water pollution.1 mark
   5. 5.Afforestation should be promoted as trees retain soil moisture and increase groundwater levels. Developing primary resources of land and water along with plants and animals should be done in a manner which will not cause ecological imbalance, so that afforestation supports water conservation by maintaining the natural water cycle and recharging groundwater.1 mark

   • Write the term 'Rainwater harvesting' clearly with one or two examples like khadins or ahars and pynes.
   • Use the exact term 'check dams' while describing structures built across seasonally flooded gullies.
   • Write 'drip irrigation', 'water pollution' and 'Afforestation' as separate words, each in its own paragraph.

   Marks split from a structure derived from past papers (checked twice); not Bihar Board’s official scheme

2. Q2Long answer5 marksAsked: 2025

   Explain recycling of waste materials with examples.

   

   Medha Ma’am

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   Model answer · recycling of waste materials

   1. 1.Recycling of waste materials is the process in which useless items of waste like plastic, paper, glass and metal are collected and converted into useful substances instead of throwing them away. In order to recycle, we first need to segregate our wastes so that the material that can be recycled is not dumped along with other wastes.1 mark
   2. 2.Recycling is helpful because it reduces environmental pollution caused by the dumping of waste, and it also helps in conserving natural resources, since recycled material is used to make required things instead of synthesising or extracting fresh plastic, paper, glass or metal from nature.1 mark
   3. 3.Recycling of paper is a major example of waste recycling, in which old waste paper is collected and used to make new paper instead of cutting fresh trees to obtain new paper, thereby conserving forest resources.1.5 marks
   4. 4.Melting plastic and metal waste to create new items is also an example of waste recycling. Waste plastic articles are melted and moulded into new plastic items, and waste metal articles are melted and recast into new metal items, instead of extracting fresh plastic or metal.1.5 marks

   • Begin the first paragraph with the words 'waste' and 'recycling' used together as the definition.
   • In the second paragraph, clearly write both keywords 'pollution' and 'resources'.
   • Give paper recycling and plastic/metal melting as two separate, clearly labelled examples, each in its own paragraph.

   Marks split from a structure derived from past papers (checked twice); not Bihar Board’s official scheme

3. Q3Long answer5 marksAsked: 2026

   What do you understand by conservation and management of natural resources ?

   

   Medha Ma’am

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   Hear it from Medha Ma’am · 140 s

   Model answer · conservation and management of natural resources

   1. 1.Conservation of natural resources is the process by which we use resources judiciously so that their availability is maintained for future generations. Our resources like forests, wild life, water, coal and petroleum are not unlimited, and with the human population increasing at a tremendous rate, the demand for all resources is increasing at an exponential rate. Hence the management of natural resources requires a long-term perspective so that these will last for the generations to come and will not merely be exploited to the hilt for short term gains.1.5 marks
   2. 2.Management means the systematic use of resources in such a way that environmental balance is maintained and wastage is minimized. This management should also ensure equitable distribution of resources so that all, and not just a handful of rich and powerful people, benefit from the development of these resources. Sustainable management of natural resources is a difficult task, and in addressing this issue, we need to keep an open mind with regard to the interests of various stakeholders, since people will act with their own best interests as the priority.1.5 marks
   3. 3.Adopting methods like recycling and reuse is essential for the conservation and management of natural resources. We can reduce pressure on the environment by sincerely applying the maxim of 'Reduce, Reuse and Recycle' in our lives. This helps in reducing the amount of resources extracted and used, thereby conserving them for a longer period of time.1 mark
   4. 4.To achieve the goal of sustainable development, it is mandatory to reduce the exploitation of resources and control pollution. The damage caused to the environment while resources are either extracted or used, such as the pollution caused by mining due to the large amount of slag discarded for every tonne of metal extracted, must be checked. Sustainable natural resource management demands that we plan for the safe disposal of these wastes too, along with reducing the exploitation of resources, so that benefits of development reach everyone now and for all generations to come.1 mark

   • Begin with the exact definition line for conservation using the words 'use resources judiciously' and 'future generations'.
   • Write the management definition using the words 'environmental balance' and 'wastage is minimized'.
   • Mention 'Reduce, Reuse and Recycle' and 'sustainable development' with reducing exploitation and controlling pollution in the last point.

   Marks split from a structure derived from past papers (checked twice); not Bihar Board’s official scheme

4. Q4Long answer5 marksAsked: 2026

   What is 'Chipko movement' ? Explain it.

   How the model answer begins

   1. The Chipko movement, also called Chipko Andolan or 'Hug the Trees Movement', was a non-violent movement started by local people as a grassroot level effort to end the alienation of people from their forests and to save…

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5. Q5Long answer5 marksAsked: 2025

   Explain recycling of waste materials with examples.

   How the model answer begins

   1. Recycling of waste materials is the process in which useless items are converted into useful products. This means that we collect plastic, paper, glass and metal items and recycle these materials to make required things…

   The full answer from Medha Ma’am →
6. Q6Short answer2 marksAsked: 2024

   What are the essential steps for forest conservation ?

   How the model answer begins

   1. It is necessary to stop deforestation, because cutting down of forests causes loss of biodiversity and ecological instability. Large-scale afforestation should be carried out so that the forest cover is restored and…

   The full answer from Medha Ma’am →
7. Q7Short answer2 marksAsked: 2026

   What are the emission norms for vehicles ?

   How the model answer begins

   1. Emission standards for vehicles are government regulations that limit the amount of harmful gases and pollutants released from vehicles. These are made so that vehicles do not emit poisonous substances like oxides of…

   The full answer from Medha Ma’am →
8. Q8Short answer2 marksAsked: 2026

   What is water harvesting ?

   How the model answer begins

   1. Water harvesting is the process of collecting rainwater and conserving it for future use.

   The full answer from Medha Ma’am →
9. Q9Short answer2 marksAsked: 2022

   How can we conserve the water resources?

   How the model answer begins

   1. One method of conserving water resources is rainwater harvesting, in which rainwater is collected and stored for later use. Communities have used hundreds of indigenous water saving methods to capture every trickle of…

   The full answer from Medha Ma’am →
10. Q10Short answer2 marksAsked: 2022

    Mention any two advantages of ground water.

    How the model answer begins

    1. Groundwater is used for irrigation which leads to an increase in agricultural production.

    The full answer from Medha Ma’am →

Objective questions with the board’s key (10)

1. 1. Bihar Board 2026

   Under whose leadership was the 'Chipko Movement' started ?

   • (A) Amrita Devi Bishnoi
   • (B) Sunderlal Bahuguna
   • (C) Chandi Prasad Bhatt
   • (D) Both (B) and (C) ✓

   Answer: (D)

2. 2. Bihar Board 2026

   Katta is the water storage system of which state ?

   • (A) Kerala
   • (B) Karnataka ✓
   • (C) Tamil Nadu
   • (D) Bihar

   Answer: (B)

3. 3. Bihar Board 2025

   Which of the following is not an ancient method of water harvesting ?

   • (A) Katta
   • (B) Kulh
   • (C) Dug well
   • (D) Irish ✓

   Answer: (D)

4. 4. Bihar Board 2025

   What was the objective of construction of Tehri Dam ?

   • (A) Electricity generation
   • (B) Land irrigation
   • (C) Water supply
   • (D) All of these ✓

   Answer: (D)

5. 5. Bihar Board 2025

   What is the new concept of waste management?

   • (A) Reuse
   • (B) Recycle
   • (C) Reduce
   • (D) All of these ✓

   Answer: (D)

6. 6. Bihar Board 2025

   Waste can be managed by which of the following ?

   • (A) Burning it out of the city
   • (B) Using in filling pits
   • (C) Recycling of some wastes
   • (D) All of these ✓

   Answer: (D)

7. 7. Bihar Board 2025

   'Ahar and Pyne' is the water harvesting system of which state ?

   • (A) Bihar ✓
   • (B) Uttar Pradesh
   • (C) Maharashtra
   • (D) Madhya Pradesh

   Answer: (A)

8. 8. Bihar Board 2025

   Which of the following is a natural resource ?

   • (A) Soil
   • (B) Water
   • (C) Air
   • (D) All of these ✓

   Answer: (D)

9. 9. Bihar Board 2025

   Which of the following is a forest based industry ?

   • (A) Lac industry
   • (B) Paper industry
   • (C) Timber industry
   • (D) All of these ✓

   Answer: (D)

10. 10. Bihar Board 2022

    Which type of bag should be used instead of polythene bags ?

    • (A) Jute bag ✓
    • (B) Cloth bag
    • (C) Paper bag
    • (D) All of these

    Answer: (A)

Questions parents and students ask

How many marks does "Management of Natural Resources" carry in Bihar Board Class 10 Science?

In the Bihar Board papers of 2021–2026, this chapter carried about 2 marks and about 1 questions a year; by marks it ranks 15 in Science.

Which are the most important (VVI) questions of "Management of Natural Resources"?

The 10 questions above are from the board’s real papers, each with the years it was asked; the most-asked come first with their full model answers. All 10 written questions of this chapter, with answers, are in the AskMedha app.

Do the answers follow the board’s marking scheme?

BSEB does not publish a marking scheme. Each answer is written point by point on a structure derived from past papers and checked by a second, independent model; it is never called the board’s official scheme.