CBSE Class 10 · Social Science · board exam 2027
Chapter 3: The Making of a Global World
This chapter’s questions from CBSE’s real papers of 2023–2026 — the 20 asked most often, 3 with the full model answer, 14 with how the answer begins — and objective questions with the board’s key.
- marks a year (about)
- 3
- questions a year (about)
- 2
- rank in Social Science
- #15
From 4 years of papers, 2023–2026 · full chapter-wise marks
Important questions — the ones the board asked most (20)
- Q1Case-based4 marksAsked: 2023
Read the given source and answer the questions that follow : (34.1) Why did the import of Manchester goods into India decline ? (34.2) Why could Manchester never recapture its old position in the Indian market after the First World War ? (34.3) Analyse any two benefits that India received from the First World War.
Medha Ma’am
AskMedha’s AI teacher
Model answer · First World War, Indian industries
- 1.34.1 The import of Manchester goods into India declined because British mills were busy with war production to meet the needs of the army. During the First World War, industries in Britain were restructured to produce war-related goods. Manchester mills therefore had little cloth to spare for export to India.1 mark
- 2.34.2 After the war, Manchester could never recapture its old position in the Indian market because of its lack of modernisation. Its old mills could not compete with the more modern industries of the United States of America, Germany and Japan. Also, while Britain was preoccupied with war, industries had developed in India and Japan.1 mark
- 3.34.3 (i) First benefit: the economic environment of Britain crumbled. After the war, Britain, the world's leading economy before the war, faced a prolonged crisis. It was burdened with huge external debts, and in 1921 one in every five British workers was out of work. This weakened Britain's dominance over the Indian market.1 mark
- 4.34.3 (ii) Second benefit: the import of British goods into India declined. Indian industries found a large home market and supplied the goods that had once come from Britain. Industries therefore developed in India, and after the war Britain found it difficult to recapture its earlier position of dominance in the Indian market.1 mark
- For 34.1, write that British mills were busy with war production to meet the needs of the army.
- For 34.2, write "lack of modernisation" and name all three competitors: the United States of America, Germany and Japan.
- For 34.3, give two separate benefits: Britain's economy crumbled, and the import of British goods into India declined.
Marks split as in the board’s published marking scheme
- Q2Case-based4 marksAsked: 2023
Read the given source and answer the questions that follow : Yet, till the First World War, industrial growth was slow. The war created a dramatically new situation. With British mills busy with war production to meet the needs of the army, Manchester imports into India declined. Suddenly, Indian mills had a vast home market to supply. As the war prolonged, Indian factories were called upon to supply war needs: jute bags, cloth for army uniforms, tents and leather boots, horse and mule saddles and a host of other items. New factories were set up and old ones ran multiple shifts. Many new workers were employed and everyone was made to work longer hours. Over the war years industrial production boomed. After the war, Manchester could never recapture its old position in the Indian market. Unable to modernise and compete with the US, Germany and Japan, the economy of Britain crumbled after the war. Cotton production collapsed and exports of cotton cloth from Britain fell dramatically. Within the colonies, local industrialists gradually consolidated their position, substituting foreign manufacturers and capturing the home market. (35.1) Why did Manchester imports decline in India ? (35.2) Why could Manchester never recapture its old position in the Indian market after the First World War ? (35.3) Analyse any two benefits of the First World War to India.
Medha Ma’am
AskMedha’s AI teacher
Model answer · First World War and Indian industry
- 1.35.1 Manchester imports into India declined because British mills were busy with war production to meet the needs of the army during the First World War. While Britain was preoccupied with war, it had little cloth to spare for export to India.1 mark
- 2.35.2 Manchester could never recapture its old position in the Indian market because Britain was unable to modernise its industries and could not compete with the US, Germany and Japan. The economy of Britain crumbled after the war. Cotton production collapsed and exports of cotton cloth from Britain fell dramatically.1 mark
- 3.35.3 The First World War benefited India in two main ways. (i) Decline of imports of British goods: Since Manchester imports into India fell, Indian mills suddenly had a vast home market to supply. Local industrialists gradually consolidated their position, substituting foreign manufacturers and capturing the home market. (ii) Indian industries were in a good position to produce goods: Indian factories were called upon to supply war needs such as jute bags, cloth for army uniforms, tents, leather boots and horse and mule saddles. New factories were set up, old ones ran multiple shifts and many new workers were employed, so industrial production boomed over the war years.2 marks
- For 35.1, write that "British mills were busy with war production to meet the needs of the army".
- For 35.2, name all three rivals, the US, Germany and Japan, and write that Britain was "unable to modernise".
- For 35.3, give two separate benefits, each with a heading and one line of explanation.
Marks split as in the board’s published marking scheme
- Q3Case-based4 marksAsked: 2023
Read the given passage and answer the questions that follow: [Passage about textile mills in Bombay, Bengal, Kanpur, Ahmedabad, Madras] (34.1) When was the first textile mill established in India ? (34.2) Write the names of any two early entrepreneurs of India. (34.3) How did many businessmen continue their work even after the strict economic controls imposed by the British government ? Explain.
Medha Ma’am
AskMedha’s AI teacher
Model answer · Early Indian entrepreneurs, textile mills
- 1.(34.1) The first cotton mill in India was set up in 1854, in Bombay.1 mark
- 2.(34.2) Two early industrialists of India were Dwarkanath Tagore and Dinshaw Petit. G.D. Birla was another.1 mark
- 3.(34.3) Many Indian entrepreneurs survived the tight economic controls of the British government because of their own money and their links in trade. (i) Many Indians had enough capital of their own, earned through trade with other countries, so they could keep their businesses going and later invest in industry. (ii) They worked through a trade network that covered many places. Bankers and traders such as the Shikaripuri Shroffs and Nattukottai Chettiars had a sophisticated system to transfer money over large distances. (iii) They financed funds across cities and regions, using their own funds or funds borrowed from European banks. (iv) They procured supplies and shipped consignments, so they stayed involved in trade even where the British held control.2 marks
- For 34.1, write the year 1854 clearly.
- For 34.2, name two industrialists in full, such as Dwarkanath Tagore and Dinshaw Petit.
- For 34.3, give at least two separate ways, such as "enough capital of their own" and "financed funds across cities".
Marks split as in the board’s published marking scheme
- Q4Short answer3 marksAsked: 2024
(a) How was the 'Silk Route' an example of vibrant pre-modern trade ? Explain. OR (b) How did food promote long-distance cultural contacts in the pre-modern world ? Explain.
How the model answer begins
1. (b) Food promoted long-distance cultural contacts because traders and travellers introduced new crops and foods to the lands they travelled. Food therefore offers many examples of long-distance cultural exchange. Even…
The full answer from Medha Ma’am → - Q5Short answer2 marksAsked: 2026
(a) Why did many Europeans migrate to America after sixteenth century ? Explain. OR (b) How did trade and long distance travel contribute to the spread of diseases during ancient period ? Explain.
- Q6Very short answer2 marksAsked: 2024
"The Silk route was a good example of vibrant pre-modern trade and cultural links between distant parts of the world." Explain the statement with any two examples.
How the model answer begins
1. The silk routes are a good example of vibrant pre-modern trade and cultural links between distant parts of the world. Chinese pottery travelled along them, and so did textiles and spices from India and Southeast Asia.…
The full answer from Medha Ma’am → - Q7Short answer2 marksAsked: 2026
(A) How did globalization begin before the sixteenth century? Explain. OR (B) How did trade help in the spread of diseases in the pre-modern world? Explain.
How the model answer begins
1. (A) Before the sixteenth century the silk routes, over land and by sea, linked Asia with Europe and northern Africa; traders, travellers, priests and pilgrims carried Chinese silk, pottery, textiles and spices one way…
The full answer from Medha Ma’am → - Q8Short answer2 marksAsked: 2026
(a) "Food offered many examples of long distance cultural exchange during pre-modern times." Explain the statement with any two examples. OR (b) "Trade and cultural exchange went hand-in-hand during pre-modern times." Explain the statement with any two examples.
How the model answer begins
1. (a) Noodles are believed to have travelled west from China to become spaghetti, or Arab traders may have taken pasta to fifth-century Sicily — an example of long-distance cultural exchange. OR (b) The silk routes, over…
The full answer from Medha Ma’am → - Q9Very short answer2 marksAsked: 2025
Why was the Indian subcontinent significant to trade networks before European intervention ? Explain.
How the model answer begins
1. The Indian subcontinent was central to the Indian Ocean trade networks and a crucial point in their flows because it exported cotton and silk textiles on a large scale to distant parts of the world.
The full answer from Medha Ma’am → - Q10Very short answer2 marksAsked: 2024
How was the Indian subcontinent crucial for the trade network during the sixteenth century ? Explain.
How the model answer begins
1. The pre-modern world shrank greatly in the sixteenth century after European sailors found a sea route to Asia and also successfully crossed the western ocean to America.
The full answer from Medha Ma’am → - Q11Very short answer2 marksAsked: 2024
"Trade and Cultural exchange always went hand in hand." Explain the statement in the context of pre-modern world.
How the model answer begins
1. In the pre-modern world, trade routes such as the silk routes carried goods, ideas and technologies across vast distances. Traders also carried values, skills and inventions. Early Christian missionaries and, later,…
The full answer from Medha Ma’am → - Q12Very short answer2 marksAsked: 2024
How did Europeans help in the expansion of trade, knowledge and customs across European countries during mid-sixteenth century ? Explain.
How the model answer begins
1. The pre-modern world shrank greatly in the sixteenth century after European sailors found a sea route to Asia and also successfully crossed the western ocean to America. These voyages brought far-off lands into regular…
The full answer from Medha Ma’am → - Q13Very short answer2 marksAsked: 2024
"Until the nineteenth century, poverty and hunger were common in Europe." Analyse the statement.
How the model answer begins
1. In nineteenth-century Europe, population growth from the late eighteenth century had increased the demand for food grains. As urban centres expanded and industry grew, the demand for agricultural products went up,…
The full answer from Medha Ma’am → - Q14Very short answer2 marksAsked: 2024
Why was the Indian subcontinent central to the flows of the trading network before the sixteenth century ? Explain.
- Q15Very short answer2 marksAsked: 2024
Why did people flee Europe for America in the nineteenth century ? Explain.
How the model answer begins
1. People fled Europe for America because, until the nineteenth century, poverty and hunger were common in Europe. Many families could not find enough food or work, so they crossed the ocean to America in search of a…
The full answer from Medha Ma’am → - Q16Very short answer2 marksAsked: 2023
(A) Mention any two changes that occurred in West Punjab in the 19th century. OR (B) Mention any two advantages of the Silk route in the pre-modern trade.
How the model answer begins
1. (A) The British built a network of irrigation canals in west Punjab, turning semi-desert wasteland into fertile land that grew wheat and cotton for export. OR (B) Traders, pilgrims and travellers used the silk routes,…
The full answer from Medha Ma’am → - Q17Very short answer2 marksAsked: 2023
(A) State the names and countries of the two hostile groups that turned each other in the First World War. OR (B) Differentiate between Fixed and Floating exchange rate.
How the model answer begins
1. (A) The Allies — Britain, France and Russia, later joined by the USA. OR (B) A fixed exchange rate is set by the government or central bank and not allowed to change with market forces.
The full answer from Medha Ma’am → - Q18Very short answer2 marksAsked: 2023
Why did Europeans flee to America in the 19th century? Explain.
How the model answer begins
1. Until the nineteenth century, poverty and hunger were common in Europe. Cities were crowded and deadly diseases were widespread. Thousands of people fled Europe for America in search of a better future because of this…
The full answer from Medha Ma’am → - Q19Very short answer2 marksAsked: 2023
How was India affected by the Great Depression of 1929 ? Explain.
- Q20Very short answer2 marksAsked: 2023
Explain any two dramatic changes that occurred in West Punjab in the 19th century, in the field of agriculture.
How the model answer begins
1. In west Punjab, the British Indian government built a network of irrigation canals to transform semi-desert wastes into fertile agricultural lands that could grow wheat and cotton for export.
The full answer from Medha Ma’am →
Objective questions with the board’s key (10)
- 1. CBSE 2026
Which country was most severely affected by the potato famine during 1845 - 1849?
- (A) France
- (B) United States of America
- (C) Ireland ✓
- (D) Sweden
Answer: (C)
- 2. CBSE 2026
Which of the following deadly disease spread in America through Portugal and Spain in mid-sixteenth century ?
- (A) Yellow fever
- (B) Smallpox ✓
- (C) Malaria
- (D) Cholera
Answer: (B)
- 3. CBSE 2026
Two statements labelled as Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are given below. Read both the statements carefully and choose the correct option : Assertion (A) : The Portuguese and Spanish conquest and colonisation of America was decisively under way by the mid-sixteenth century. Reason (R) : The Spanish conquerors had the most powerful conventional weapons.
- (A) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the correct explanation of Assertion (A).
- (B) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true, but Reason (R) is not the correct explanation of Assertion (A).
- (C) Assertion (A) is true, but Reason (R) is false. ✓
- (D) Assertion (A) is false, but Reason (R) is true.
Answer: (C)
- 4. CBSE 2026
Choose the correct option to fill in the blank: In 3000 BCE, the Indus Valley Civilisation was connected to the region of __________ through trade along the coasts.
- (A) North America
- (B) South America
- (C) West Asia ✓
- (D) South Australia
Answer: (C)
- 5. CBSE 2026
Two statements are given below. These are Assertion (A) and Reason (R). Read both the statements carefully and select the correct option : Assertion (A) : The discovery of sea routes to Asia and America in the sixteenth century made the pre-modern world smaller. Reason (R) : European entry into the Indian Ocean during this period expanded trade.
- (A) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A). ✓
- (B) Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
- (C) (A) is true but (R) is false.
- (D) (A) is false but (R) is true.
Answer: (A)
- 6. CBSE 2026
Two statements are given below. These are Assertion (A) and Reason (R). Read both the statements and choose the correct option : Assertion (A) : The Indian sub-continent was a crucial point in the 'Indian Ocean trade network' during the sixteenth century. Reason (R) : Its physical location connected East-West Asia and Europe.
- (A) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A). ✓
- (B) Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
- (C) (A) is true but (R) is false.
- (D) (A) is false but (R) is true.
Answer: (A)
- 7. CBSE 2026
Choose the correct option to fill in the blank. The Indus Valley Civilization was linked to the ________ region through coastal trade as early as 3000 BCE.
- (A) North America
- (B) South America
- (C) West Asia ✓
- (D) South Australia
Answer: (C)
- 8. CBSE 2026
Two statements are given below. These are Assertion (A) and Reason (R). Read both the statements and select the correct option. Assertion (A) : The silver from Peru and Mexico increased Europe's wealth in the sixteenth century. Reason (R) : Europe used this silver to finance its trade with Asia. Options : (A) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A). (B) Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A). (C) (A) is true, but (R) is false. (D) (A) is false, but (R) is true.
- (A) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A). ✓
- (B) Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
- (C) (A) is true, but (R) is false.
- (D) (A) is false, but (R) is true.
Answer: (A)
- 9. CBSE 2026
Two statements are given below. They are Assertion (A) and Reason (R). Read both the statements and choose the correct option. Assertion (A) : Silver from Peru and Mexico enhanced Europe's wealth in the sixteenth century. Reason (R) : Europe used this silver to finance its trade with Asia.
- (A) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A). ✓
- (B) Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
- (C) (A) is true, but (R) is false.
- (D) (A) is false, but (R) is true.
Answer: (A)
- 10. CBSE 2025
'Potato famine' was related to which of the following countries ?
- (A) England
- (B) Ireland ✓
- (C) Finland
- (D) Scotland
Answer: (B)
Questions parents and students ask
- How many marks does "The Making of a Global World" carry in CBSE Class 10 Social Science?
- In the CBSE papers of 2023–2026, this chapter carried about 3 marks and about 2 questions a year; by marks it ranks 15 in Social Science.
- Which are the most important (VVI) questions of "The Making of a Global World"?
- The 20 questions above are from the board’s real papers, each with the years it was asked; the most-asked come first with their full model answers. All 20 written questions of this chapter, with answers, are in the AskMedha app.
- Do the answers follow the board’s marking scheme?
- Yes. CBSE publishes its marking schemes; every model answer here is written point by point to the marks the board’s own scheme gives, and checked by a second, independent model.
The same preparation, with Medha Ma’am — on your phone
Every question of every chapter with its model answer, practice questions in the board’s own shapes, 60 minutes of class a day, written answers marked, a test every Sunday and a WhatsApp report to parents.
Medha Ma’am is an AI teacher, not a live tutor. Every answer is checked twice; a person takes responsibility.