Chapter 7: Control and Coordination

VVI questions — the ones the board asked most (11)

1. Q1Long answer5 marksAsked: 2022, 2026

   Mention the main functions of the human brain.

   

   Medha Ma’am

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   Hear it from Medha Ma’am · 100 s

   Model answer · functions of human brain

   1. 1.The brain is the main coordinating centre of the body. The brain and spinal cord constitute the central nervous system. They receive information from all parts of the body and integrate it, and the communication between the central nervous system and the other parts of the body is facilitated by the peripheral nervous system consisting of cranial nerves arising from the brain and spinal nerves arising from the spinal cord.1 mark
   2. 2.The fore-brain is the main thinking part of the brain. It has regions which receive sensory impulses from various receptors, and separate areas of the fore-brain are specialised for hearing, smell, sight and so on. There are separate areas of association where this sensory information is interpreted by putting it together with information from other receptors as well as information already stored in the brain. Based on all this, a decision is made about how to respond, and the information is passed on to the motor areas which control the movement of voluntary muscles, for example, our leg muscles. The fore-brain also has a centre associated with hunger, which gives the sensation of feeling full.1.5 marks
   3. 3.The mid-brain controls many involuntary actions of the body, such as the change in the size of the pupil, along with the hind-brain.1 mark
   4. 4.The hind-brain contains a part called the cerebellum, which is responsible for precision of voluntary actions and for maintaining the posture and balance of the body. The hind-brain also contains the medulla, which controls involuntary actions including blood pressure, salivation and vomiting.1.5 marks

   Diagram: Draw a labelled diagram of the human brain showing the fore-brain, mid-brain and hind-brain (with cerebellum and medulla marked) as its main regions.

   • Write 'coordinating centre' when describing the brain's overall role.
   • Name the forebrain with 'thinking' and 'voluntary actions' together in one line.
   • State 'medulla' and 'blood pressure, salivation and vomiting' for the hindbrain, and 'cerebellum' with 'balance' separately.

   Marks split from a structure derived from past papers (checked twice); not Bihar Board’s official scheme

2. Q2Short answer2 marksAsked: 2022, 2026

   Why are some diabetic patients treated with insulin injections ?

   

   Medha Ma’am

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   Hear it from Medha Ma’am · 35 s

   Model answer · hormones, insulin and diabetes

   1. 1.Insulin is a hormone which is produced by the pancreas and helps in regulating blood sugar levels. In some diabetic patients, the secretion of insulin by the pancreas is reduced, so the level of sugar in the blood increases, causing many harmful effects.1 mark
   2. 2.To control this rise in blood sugar, such patients are given injections of insulin. The insulin injection helps in bringing the sugar level in the blood under control, so that it stays within the normal range.1 mark

   • Mention that insulin is produced by the pancreas and that its reduced secretion raises blood sugar.
   • State clearly that insulin injection is given to keep the blood sugar level controlled.
   • Do not describe the feedback mechanism of insulin secretion, as the question does not ask for it.

   Marks split from a structure derived from past papers (checked twice); not Bihar Board’s official scheme

3. Q3Long answer5 marksAsked: 2022

   What in neuron ? Draw a well-labelled diagram of a neuron.

   

   Medha Ma’am

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   Hear it from Medha Ma’am · 55 s

   Model answer · neuron, structure

   1. 1.A neuron is the structural and functional unit of the nervous system. Nervous tissue is made up of an organised network of nerve cells or neurons, and is specialised for conducting information via electrical impulses from one part of the body to another.1 mark
   2. 2.The diagram of a neuron is drawn showing its parts labelled as cell body, dendrites, axon, and nerve endings.2 marks
   3. 3.The cell body, also called cyton, contains the nucleus and cytoplasm.1 mark
   4. 4.Dendrites receive information at their dendritic tip, where this information sets off a chemical reaction that creates an electrical impulse. The axon carries this nerve impulse away from the cell body to its end, where the electrical impulse sets off the release of some chemicals that cross the synapse to the next neuron.1 mark

   Diagram: Draw a neuron showing: dendrites (branched projections receiving information) at one end, the cell body/cyton (containing nucleus and cytoplasm), a long axon extending from the cell body, and nerve endings (axon terminals) at the other end where the impulse is passed on.

   • Write the words 'structural and functional unit of the nervous system' for the first point.
   • Label all four parts on the diagram: cell body, dendrites, axon, and nerve endings.
   • Mention that the cell body is also called cyton and contains the nucleus and cytoplasm.

   Marks split from a structure derived from past papers (checked twice); not Bihar Board’s official scheme

4. Q4Short answer2 marksAsked: 2025

   What is phototropism ?

   How the model answer begins

   1. The movement of plant parts in the direction of light is called phototropism. This is a type of movement which allows the plant to respond to the stimulus of light by growing or bending towards or away from it.

   The full answer from Medha Ma’am →
5. Q5Short answer2 marksAsked: 2025

   Write the names of endocrine glands found in humans.

   How the model answer begins

   1. The main endocrine glands found in humans are the pituitary gland, thyroid gland, and adrenal gland.

   The full answer from Medha Ma’am →
6. Q6Short answer2 marksAsked: 2026

   What is the difference between reflex action and reflex arc ?

   How the model answer begins

   1. Reflex action is an involuntary and rapid response that occurs suddenly in response to a stimulus, such as pulling our hand back from a flame.

   The full answer from Medha Ma’am →
7. Q7Short answer2 marksAsked: 2023

   Define hormones.

   How the model answer begins

   1. A hormone is a chemical substance secreted by an endocrine gland that regulates specific functions of the body.

   The full answer from Medha Ma’am →
8. Q8Short answer2 marksAsked: 2022

   What is the taste bud?

   How the model answer begins

   1. Taste buds are the microscopic structures located on the surface of the tongue that detect taste. These are made up of gustatory receptors, which are the specialised tips of nerve cells present on the tongue.

   The full answer from Medha Ma’am →
9. Q9Short answer2 marksAsked: 2021

   Why is the use of iodized salt suggested ?

   How the model answer begins

   1. Iodine is necessary for the thyroid gland to make thyroxin hormone. Thyroxin regulates carbohydrate, protein and fat metabolism in the body so as to provide the best balance for growth. Iodine is essential for the…

   The full answer from Medha Ma’am →
10. Q10Short answer2 marksAsked: 2021

    What are the functions of nervous system?

    How the model answer begins

    1. Control and coordination are the functions of the nervous system and hormones in our bodies. The nervous system establishes coordination and control between the different organs of the body.

    The full answer from Medha Ma’am →
11. Q11Short answer2 marksAsked: 2025

    What is phototropism ?

    How the model answer begins

    1. Phototropism is the movement of plant parts in the direction of light. Shoots respond by bending towards light while roots respond by bending away from it.

    The full answer from Medha Ma’am →

Objective questions with the board’s key (10)

1. 1. Bihar Board 2026

   Which of the following organs in plants shows geotropism ?

   • (A) Roots ✓
   • (B) Leaves
   • (C) Flower
   • (D) None of these

   Answer: (A)

2. 2. Bihar Board 2026

   Which plant hormone inhibits growth ?

   • (A) Ethylene
   • (B) Cytokinin
   • (C) Abscisic acid ✓
   • (D) Gibberellins

   Answer: (C)

3. 3. Bihar Board 2026

   Which of the following controls the movement of voluntary muscles ?

   • (A) Pons
   • (B) Cerebellum ✓
   • (C) Diencephalon
   • (D) Medulla oblongata

   Answer: (B)

4. 4. Bihar Board 2026

   Excessive secretion of which hormone causes the disease called Gigantism ?

   • (A) Growth hormone ✓
   • (B) Sex hormone
   • (C) Epinephrine
   • (D) None of these

   Answer: (A)

5. 5. Bihar Board 2026

   An example of geotropism is

   • (A) growth of stem
   • (B) growth of root
   • (C) growth of fruit
   • (D) both (A) and (B) ✓

   Answer: (D)

6. 6. Bihar Board 2026

   Which of the following diseases is caused by the deficiency of insulin ?

   • (A) Goitre
   • (B) Cretinism
   • (C) Dwarfism
   • (D) Diabetes ✓

   Answer: (D)

7. 7. Bihar Board 2026

   Which of the following is an example of reflex action ?

   • (A) Sneezing
   • (B) Mouth watering after seeing sweets
   • (C) Blinking of eyes
   • (D) All of these ✓

   Answer: (D)

8. 8. Bihar Board 2026

   What is estrogen ?

   • (A) Male hormone
   • (B) Female hormone ✓
   • (C) Digestive juice
   • (D) None of these

   Answer: (B)

9. 9. Bihar Board 2025

   What can happen due to spinal cord injury ?

   • (A) Goitre
   • (B) Dwarfism
   • (C) Diabetes
   • (D) Paralysis ✓

   Answer: (D)

10. 10. Bihar Board 2025

    The largest gland in the human body is

    • (A) Adrenal
    • (B) Liver ✓
    • (C) Ovary
    • (D) Pancreas

    Answer: (B)

Questions parents and students ask

How many marks does "Control and Coordination" carry in Bihar Board Class 10 Science?

In the Bihar Board papers of 2021–2026, this chapter carried about 4 marks and about 5 questions a year; by marks it ranks 12 in Science.

Which are the most important (VVI) questions of "Control and Coordination"?

The 11 questions above are from the board’s real papers, each with the years it was asked; the most-asked come first with their full model answers. All 11 written questions of this chapter, with answers, are in the AskMedha app.

Do the answers follow the board’s marking scheme?

BSEB does not publish a marking scheme. Each answer is written point by point on a structure derived from past papers and checked by a second, independent model; it is never called the board’s official scheme.