Bihar Board Class 10 · English · Matric exam 2027
Chapter 5: Vocabulary: synonyms, antonyms, spelling, one word — notes
The chapter’s 5 parts in the book’s order — the first idea of each and the points Medha Ma’am writes on the board — and the summary at the end. The full lesson and a check question for each part are in the app.
1. Synonyms: the same meaning
A synonym is a word with the same or nearly the same meaning.
- • Synonym: same or nearly the same meaning
- • liberty → freedom | cease → stop | triumph → victory
- • Method: put the option in a sentence in place of the word
- • The rain ceased at noon.
- • began (opposite) ✗ | created ✗ | stopped ✓
- • Trap: the antonym is often one of the options
- • | Word | Synonym | Word | Synonym |
- • | chance | possibility | pious | religious |
- • | busy | preoccupied | regard | respect |
- • | ask | query | question | inquiry |
- • | chaste | pure | indifferent | unconcerned |
- • | adequate | sufficient | empathy | sympathy |
2. Antonyms: the opposite meaning
An antonym is a word with the opposite meaning.
- • Antonym: opposite meaning
- • silence → noise | punish → reward | modern → ancient
- • Method: meaning → its opposite → find it
- • il-: legal → illegal | un-: happy → unhappy
- • in- / im-: correct → incorrect, possible → impossible
- • dis-: agree → disagree | illegal ↔ lawful
- • | Word | Antonym | Word | Antonym |
- • | mighty | weak | divided | united |
- • | victorious | defeated | confess | deny |
- • | urban | rural | hazy | clear |
- • | precious | cheap | instant | gradual |
- • | shallow | deep | rapidly | slowly |
- • | harmony | disagreement | terrible | soothing |
3. Spelling: the rules that save marks
Spelling questions give four spellings of one word, and only one is right.
- • 1. Double letters
- • arrangement (rr) | recommend (c, mm) | omission (m, ss)
- • incessantly (ss) | sufficient (ff)
- • 2. e stays before ly: immediate → immediately
- • 3. -ful has one l: skilful, beautiful
- • 4. Learn as they are
- • chauffeur | refrigerator | jewellery | versatile | scripture | career | reptile
4. One word for many words
Some questions give a group of words and ask for one word.
- • | One word | Meaning |
- • | Ode | a poem addressed to a person or an object |
- • | Elegy | a poem of sorrow for one who is dead |
- • | Ballad | a poem that tells a story, often sung |
- • | Satire | writing that makes fun of foolishness or evil |
5. Choosing the right word in a translation
Vocabulary also helps in translation.
- • सच्ची मित्रता दुर्लभ है।
- • मित्रता → friendship (the idea), not friend (the person)
- • दुर्लभ → rare
- • True friendship is rare.
Summary
Very good! For a synonym, put the option in a sentence and check the meaning stays. For an antonym, say the meaning, then its opposite, and watch the prefixes il, un, in and dis. For spelling, check double letters, the e before ly, and one l in ful. And learn ode, elegy, ballad and satire. In your notebook, copy the synonym and antonym tables, and write ten hard spellings three times each. Then try the practice questions. If anything was not clear, press the Ask button and ask me. Done, you worked very well today!
AskMedha · Medha Ma’am — Bihar Board Class 10 English, Chapter 5. Written from the textbook, checked twice.
Questions parents and students ask
- How do I get the "Vocabulary: synonyms, antonyms, spelling, one word" notes as a PDF?
- Press "Save as PDF" — the phone’s print sheet opens; choose "Save as PDF" there. The PDF holds the notes only.
- Where are these notes written from?
- From the chapter’s own textbook text, part by part, in the book’s own terms; a second, independent model then checked every part against the book. The full lesson, a check question for each part and the practice are in the AskMedha app.
The same preparation, with Medha Ma’am — on your phone
Every question of every chapter with its model answer, practice questions in the board’s own shapes, 60 minutes of class a day, written answers marked, a test every Sunday and a WhatsApp report to parents.
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